Imiterere ya sisitemu ya tekiniki y’umutekano w’ibidukikije byo mu mazi

Ikoranabuhanga mu by’umutekano w’ibidukikije byo mu mazi ahanini rikora ku gushaka, guhindura, guhuza amakuru, no guhanura amakuru ajyanye n’ibidukikije byo mu mazi, rikanasesengura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa byaryo n’amategeko ahindura; hakurikijwe ibyo amakuru ajyanye n’ibidukikije byo mu mazi akeneye, rikora ku ikusanyamakuru ry’ibintu bifitanye isano n’ibidukikije byo mu mazi, kandi rigatanga ibisubizo by’isesengura ry’imimerere, ari na ryo shingiro ry’umutekano w’inyanja. Tanga inkunga. Urugero, ingaruka zaamazi y'inyanjaku kugwa kw'inyanja, ingaruka z'imigezi n'imirabaku mutekano wo mu mazi, ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bwo munsi y'amazi, ikwirakwizwa ry'umunyu n'impinduka ku itumanaho ryo munsi y'amazi, n'ibindi. Sisitemu y'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura umutekano w'ibidukikije byo mu mazi igizwe n'ibice bitatu byigenga kandi bitatandukanywa: ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ibipimo by'ibidukikije byo mu mazi, ikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza no gusesengura amakuru, n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa.

⑴ Ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ibipimo by’ibidukikije byo mu mazi. Ibipimo by’ibidukikije byo mu mazi birimo: ubushyuhe bw’ikirere, ubushuhe, umuvuduko w’ikirere, imvura, ibicu, igihu, umuyaga, nibindi, ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije byo mu mazi, umunyu, umuvuduko, amazi, ibara ry’amazi, nibindi, imiterere y’ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, imiterere y’ubutaka, nibindi. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ibipimo by’ibidukikije byo mu mazi ni ikoranabuhanga ryo kubona, kohereza no kubika ibipimo by’ibidukikije byo mu mazi, ahanini birimo ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ibyogajuru, ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ubwato mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi, ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ibintu rishingiye ku nkombe no mu mazi, ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ibintu ku mbuga zigendanwa n’ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba ibintu ku mazi, nibindi.

Hashingiwe ku miterere y’amasomo menshi, ubumenyi bwo mu mazi butanga ibisabwa byinshi kugira ngo uburyo bwo kureba n’uburyo bwo kubikurikirana burusheho kuba bwiza. Ni ngombwa guteza imbere ubwoko bushya bw’ikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza uburyo bwo kureba mu nyanja burangwa n’ingufu nke, ubuziranenge bwinshi, ikirere gito n’ibikoresho byinshi byo kugenzura; iterambere mu bijyanye n’amazi menshi, ikirere cyose, uburebure bw’inyanja yose, uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwizewe kandi bwizewe mu gihe nyacyo, itumanaho ryo munsi y’amazi mu gihe nyacyo, uburyo bwo gukurikirana amakuru mu buryo bufatika, gutanga ingufu n’ubundi buryo bw’ingenzi.

⑵ Ikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza no gusesengura amakuru. Imiterere y'amakuru ashingiye ku bidukikije byo mu nyanja, imiterere yayo ishingiye ku masoko menshi, imiterere yayo ishingiye ku bidukikije, imiterere yayo ishingiye ku buryo butandukanye kandi buhindagurika, ni byo bigaragaza ko amakuru agomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa, bitabaye ibyo, ntashobora gutegurwa neza, gucungwa no gushyirwa mu bikorwa neza.kwihuzaUburyo bukwiye gutangirira ku buryo bwo guhuza ibikenewe no gusuzuma uburyo bwo guhuza ibikenewe bitandukanye. Binyuze mu guhuza ikarita hagati y’uburyo bwo guhuza ibikenewe n’uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru, guhuza neza kuva ku rwego rwo guhuza ibikenewe kugeza ku rwego rw’amakuru biragerwaho. Kumenya by’ibanze ibibazo byo guhuza no gutanga serivisi z’amakuru aturuka ahantu henshi, hanyuma bigakemura ibibazo byo guhuza no kwerekana amakuru ahujwe n’intoki kugira ngo harebwe niba akoreshwa neza.

(3) Ikoranabuhanga ryo kwemeza ikoreshwa ry’ibikenewe. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kwemeza ikoreshwa ry’ibikenewe risobanura guhuza neza ibikenewe mu makuru yerekeye ibidukikije byo mu mazi, bishingiye ku kubona ibipimo by’ibidukikije byo mu mazi, no gukoresha mudasobwa, itumanaho, umuyoboro n’izindi koranabuhanga nk’urubuga rwa serivisi, no gukoresha umutungo wose kugira ngo habeho inkunga n’ingwate ku mutekano w’ibidukikije byo mu mazi hakurikijwe ibintu n’imimerere y’ibidukikije byo mu mazi. Kurengera ibidukikije byo mu mazi ahanini ni ikoreshwa ryuzuye ku bidukikije byo mu mazi, nko: uburyo bwo gusesengura amakuru yerekeye ibidukikije mu gihe nyacyo, uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibidukikije, nibindi, ndetse n’ikoreshwa ry’ibintu bitandukanye.