ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler yo kugenzura amazi atembera no kuyakoresha,
porogaramu y'amashanyarazi ya acoustic Doppler yo gutemba kw'uruzi, Sisitemu yo gupima ubu ya ADCP, ADCP yo kugenzura amazi, porogaramu y'amazi yo mu nyanja, igipimo cy'amazi ava mu ruzi ADCP, sisitemu yo gupima umuvuduko w'amazi,

Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki

Ibyiza by'ibicuruzwa

Gupima umuvuduko w'amazi utambitse neza cyane

Imashini ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya "Horizontal Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler" (HADCP) ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya "acoustic Doppler" kugira ngo ipime neza umuvuduko w'amazi utambitse, itanga amakuru yizewe ku migezi, imiyoboro, n'igenzura ry'umutungo w'amazi.

Ubushobozi bwo gupima imiterere y'amazi mu gihe kirekire

Hamwe n'imirasire myinshi y'amajwi n'uburyo bugezweho bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso, sisitemu ishobora gupima umuvuduko w'amazi mu ntera ndende, bigatuma ikwiriye imigezi migari n'ahantu hagoye ho gutembera.

Igenzura rihoraho mu gihe nyacyo

HADCP ituma habaho kwitegereza buri gihe impinduka mu muvuduko w’amazi, bigafasha gukurikirana amazi mu buryo bw’igihe nyacyo, gusesengura amazi, no gucunga umutungo w’amazi.

Igipimo cy'amajwi kidahungabanya

Ikoresheje amahame yo gupima Doppler ya ultrasonic, sisitemu ikora igenzura ry’amazi atemba nta mpamvu yo gukorana n’amazi agenda, ikagabanya ibisabwa mu kubungabunga no kunoza uburyo bwo gupima.

Imikorere myiza cyane mu bihe bigoye

Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gutunganya ibimenyetso mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga ritanga ibipimo bihamye mu gihe amazi ahinduka, imiterere y'amazi acucitse, n'ahantu hahinduka amazi acucitse.

Guhuza byoroshye no kohereza amakuru kuri interineti

Ishyigikira guhuza na terminal za RTU, sisitemu za telemetry, na platforms zo mu bicu kugira ngo ikusanyirize amakuru mu buryo bwikora, ikurikiranira kure, hamwe n'imicungire y'amazi mu buryo bw'ubwenge.

Imikoreshereze y'ibicuruzwa

• Pima umuvuduko w'amazi utambitse mu migezi, imiyoboro, n'amazi afunguye.
• Kugenzura ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko w'amazi mu gihe nyacyo n'imiterere y'amazi.
• Shyigikira gupima amazi mu buryo buhoraho ku miyoboro y'amazi.
• Gukusanya amakuru y'amazi akoreshwa mu gusuzuma umutungo w'amazi no gusesengura amazi.
• Gutanga amakuru yo gukurikirana ibizamini by'imyuzure n'imicungire y'amazi.
• Gufasha mu bushakashatsi ku bijyanye no gutwara ibishanga no gukora ubushakashatsi ku miterere y'imigezi.
• Koresha uburyo bwo kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi mu gihe kirekire utarinze kwitabwaho binyuze muri sisitemu zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya kure.

Porogaramu z'ibicuruzwa

Gukurikirana amazi y'uruzi

Ikoreshwa mu migezi, imigezi, n'imiyoboro ikurikirana amazi mu gupima umuvuduko w'amazi no gushyigikira isesengura ry'amazi.

Gupima Umuyoboro Ufunguye n'Umuyoboro w'Inzira

Bishyirwa mu miyoboro yo kuhira, mu miyoboro yo kuyobya amazi, no mu miyoboro y'amazi kugira ngo bikomeze gukurikirana amazi no kuyakoresha mu gucunga imiyoboro y'amazi.

Gukurikirana imyuzure no kuburira hakiri kare

Itanga amakuru y'ibiza mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo isuzume ingaruka z'imyuzure, iteganyagihe ry'imyuzure, n'uburyo bwo guhangana n'ibibazo byihutirwa.

Imicungire y'Umutungo w'Amazi

Ishyigikira imicungire y'amazi mu buryo bw'ubwenge itanga amakuru nyayo yerekeye imikorere y'ikigega, ikwirakwizwa ry'amazi, n'igenamigambi ry'umutungo.

Imishinga y'Ubwubatsi bw'Amazi

Ikoreshwa mu biraro, ingomero, ingufu z'amazi, n'izindi nyubako z'amazi mu gusuzuma amazi no gusesengura imiterere y'amazi.

Ubushakashatsi ku Bidukikije n'Ubuhanga mu bya Siyansi

Itanga amakuru yizewe y’amazi anyura mu ruzi, isuzuma ry’amazi anyura mu bidukikije, ubushakashatsi ku gutwara ibimera n’amazi, n’ubushakashatsi ku bushakashatsi bw’ubushakashatsi.

Imicungire y'amazi mu mijyi

Ikoreshwa mu migezi yo mu mijyi, mu miyoboro y'amazi, no mu miyoboro y'amazi y'imvura kugira ngo ikurikirane imiterere y'amazi no kunoza imicungire myiza y'amazi.

ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler yo kugenzura amazi atembera no kuyakoresha mu kugenzura amazi

Gusobanukirwa uburyo amazi agenda ni ingenzi mu kugenzura ibidukikije mu mazi no mu nyanja.

Byaba ari ugupima amazi atemba mu ruzi, amazi asohoka mu miyoboro y'amazi, imigezi inyura mu nkombe z'inyanja, imigezi inyura mu nyanja, cyangwa imigezi y'inyanja, hakenewe ibipimo by'umuvuduko byizewe kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uburyo amazi agenda anyura mu gace gakurikiranwa.

ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) ni igikoresho cy’ikoranabuhanga gikozwe mu gupima umuvuduko w’amazi mu bujyakuzimu butandukanye.

Bitandukanye na metero zisanzwe zipima umuvuduko ahantu hamwe, ADCP ishobora kwerekana urujya n'uruza rw'amazi mu gice kinini cy'inkingi y'amazi. Ibi bituma iba igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kugenzura amazi, gupima amazi ava mu migezi, ubushakashatsi ku miterere y'inyanja, no gusesengura amazi atemba.

FrankStar itanga ibisubizo bya ADCP ku buryo butandukanye bwo gukoresha amazi n'amazi yo mu mazi, hamwe n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha n'uburyo bwo kuyipima.

ADCP ni iki?

ADCP isobanura Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler.

Ni igikoresho gipima ijwi gikoresha ingaruka za Doppler kugira ngo kimenye umuvuduko w'amazi agenda.

Igikoresho cyohereza amajwi mu mazi. Uduce duto dutwarwa n'amazi agenda dukwirakwiza ikimenyetso cy'amajwi mu mazi tuyasubiza kuri transducers.

Kubera ko utunyangingo tuba turimo kugendana n'amazi, inshuro z'ikimenyetso cy'ijwi gisubijwe zirahinduka.

Iyi frequency shift izwi nka Doppler shift.

Mu gusesengura ihinduka rya Doppler, ADCP ishobora kubara umuvuduko w'amazi ku bujyakuzimu butandukanye.

Ibisubizo ni ishusho ihagaze igaragaza uburyo umuvuduko w'amazi uhinduka mu gice cyose cy'amazi cyapimwe.

Ishusho y'Umuvuduko w'Amajwi (Acoustic Doppler) ikora ite?

Uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gupima bushobora koroshywa mu buryo bukurikira:

Ingufu z'amajwi → Ingufu zo mu mugongo → Ingufu zo mu mugongo → Ingufu zo mu mugongo → Kubara umuvuduko → Imiterere y'ubu

Intambwe ya 1: Gutumanaho kw'amajwi

ADCP yohereza ibimenyetso by'amajwi mu mazi binyuze mu byuma byayo bihindura amajwi.

Intambwe ya 2: Gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso

Uduce duto duto duhagaze mu mazi, nka sediment na plankton, dukwirakwiza igice cy'ingufu z'amajwi tugana kuri icyo gikoresho.

Intambwe ya 3: Gusuzuma Doppler Shift

Iyo uduce twimuka ugereranije na ADCP, inshuro ikimenyetso cyagarutse kirahinduka.

Intambwe ya 4: Kubara umuvuduko

Sisitemu isesengura ihinduka ry'umuvuduko kugira ngo imenye igice cy'umuvuduko ku muvuduko w'ijwi.

Intambwe ya 5: Gutegura imiterere y'ubu

Ibipimo bivuye ku mirasire myinshi y'amajwi bihuzwa kugira ngo harebwe umuvuduko w'amazi mu bujyakuzimu butandukanye.

Ibisubizo ni umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ugizwe n'uturemangingo twinshi aho kuba igipimo cy'ingingo imwe.

ADCP ishobora gupima iki?

ADCP ishobora gutanga ibipimo byinshi by'ingenzi bijyanye n'ingendo z'amazi.

Umuvuduko w'amazi

Umuvuduko w'amazi ni cyo gipimo cy'ibanze gitangwa na ADCP.

Bitewe n'imiterere y'igikoresho, umuvuduko ushobora gukemurwa mu bice bitandukanye by'icyerekezo.

Icyerekezo cy'ubu

Ibice by'umuvuduko byapimwe bishobora gukoreshwa mu kumenya icyerekezo cy'inzira y'amazi.

Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu kwiga:

Imigezi y'uruzi
Imigezi y'amazi y'inyanja
Urujya n'uruza rw'inyanja
Urugendo rw'amazi yo mu muyoboro w'amazi
Imigezi y'inyanja
Umwirondoro w'umuvuduko

Imwe mu nyungu zikomeye za ADCP ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo gupima umuvuduko mu bujyakuzimu butandukanye.

Ibi bituma abakoresha babona uburyo amazi ahinduka kuva hejuru kugera hasi.

Amazi asohoka

Iyo bihujwe n'amakuru yerekeye igice cyo gupima, imiterere y'umuvuduko ishobora gukoreshwa mu kubara amazi asohoka mu ruzi.

Ibi bituma ikoranabuhanga rya ADCP rigira akamaro kanini ku masitasiyo y’amazi n’ubushakashatsi ku migezi.

Kuki hakoreshwa ADCP mu kugenzura amazi?

Ibipimo gakondo by'amashanyarazi muri rusange bipima ahantu hamwe.

Ariko, amazi karemano ntakunze kugira urujya n'uruza rumwe.

Umuvuduko ushobora guhinduka cyane bitewe na:

Ubujyakuzimu bw'amazi
Imiterere y'uruzi
Imiterere y'umuyoboro
Imiterere y'amazi y'umuraba
Urugero rw'amazi
Icyerekezo cy'amazi
Inzitizi n'imiterere

ADCP itanga ibipimo byinshi mu gice cy'amazi, iha abayikoresha ishusho yuzuye y'aho amazi anyura.

Ibi bituma ADCP zikoreshwa neza aho gusobanukirwa uburyo amazi akwirakwira mu isanzure ari ingenzi.

ADCP yo gupima amazi n'amazi asohoka mu ruzi

Imwe mu mikoreshereze y'ingenzi y'ikoranabuhanga rya ADCP ni ugupima amazi asohoka mu ruzi.

Amazi ava mu ruzi agaragaza ingano y'amazi anyura mu gice cy'amazi mu gihe runaka.

Umubano woroshye ni:

Gusohora amazi = Ahantu hahurira abantu benshi × Umuvuduko w'amazi

Kubera ko umuvuduko uhinduka mu ruzi, gupima umuvuduko ahantu hamwe gusa bishobora kudasobanura neza uko amazi yose anyura.

ADCP ishobora gupima umuvuduko ahantu henshi n'ubujyakuzimu, bigatuma abahanga mu by'amazi bagaragaza neza aho amazi anyura.

Ubushakashatsi ku migezi bushingiye kuri ADCP bushobora gushyigikira:

Gukurikirana imyuzure
Ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n'amazi
Imicungire y'umutungo w'amazi
Inyigo ku kibaya cy'uruzi
Gucunga kuhira
Iterambere rya sitasiyo z'amazi
Kwitegereza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi igihe kirekire
ADCP yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'inyanja n'inkombe

ADCP zikoreshwa cyane mu bidukikije byo mu mazi.

Imigezi y'inyanja ishobora guterwa n'ibi bikurikira:

Amazi y'umuraba
Umuyaga
Itandukaniro ry'ubucucike
Ubushyuhe
Umunyu
Imiterere y'inkombe
Urugendo rw'inyanja ku rwego runini

ADCP ishobora gupima umuvuduko w'amazi ku bujyakuzimu butandukanye, igatanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro ku miterere y'amazi y'inyanja ahagaze.

Porogaramu zo mu mazi zirimo:

Igenzura ry'amazi yo ku nkombe z'inyanja
Igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi
Ubushakashatsi ku migezi y'inyanja
Ubushakashatsi ku birebana n'inyanja
Ubwubatsi bwo mu mazi
Gukurikirana ibidukikije byo mu mazi
Ingano y'Ingano n'Ingano y'Ibipimo bya ADCP

ADCP ziboneka mu buryo butandukanye bw'amajwi.

Muri rusange, ADCP zifite ubwinshi buhanitse zitanga ubushobozi bwo gupima neza ariko zifite urwego rugufi rwo gupima neza, mu gihe ADCP zifite ubwinshi buhanitse zishobora kugera ku rugero rwo gupima rwinshi mu bihe bikwiye.

Bityo rero, inshuro zikwiye ziterwa na:

Ubujyakuzimu bw'amazi
Ingano isabwa yo gusesengura imiterere y'imbonerahamwe
Gukemura ikibazo cy'ahantu
Ubwinshi bw'uduce duto buhagaze
Imiterere y'ibidukikije
Urubuga rwo kohereza amakuru

Urugero, FrankStar itanga imiterere ya RIV-F ADCP ifite imirasire itanu kuri 300 kHz, 600 kHz, na 1200 kHz, yemerera abakoresha guhitamo imiterere ikwiye mu bihe bitandukanye byo kugenzura amazi n'amazi.

Igishushanyo cya ADCP cya Five-Beam

Imiterere y'ijwi ry'umuvuduko w'amazi mu buryo butandukanye ituma igikoresho gipima umuvuduko w'amazi mu byerekezo bitandukanye.

RIV-F ADCP ya FrankStar ifite imirasire itanu ikoresha imirasire myinshi y'amajwi kugira ngo ibone amakuru y'umuvuduko w'amazi mu gice cy'amazi.

Imiterere y'inyongera y'umuraba ishobora kandi gushyigikira imikorere yo gupima no kugenzura ubuziranenge bitewe n'imiterere ya sisitemu.

Sisitemu isanzwe yo gusesengura amakuru itanga amakuru nka:

Ubujyakuzimu + Ubunini bw'Umuvuduko + Icyerekezo cy'Umuvuduko + Ishusho y'Amazi n'Inkingi

Ibi bitanga amakuru menshi cyane kurusha igipimo cy’amashanyarazi gisanzwe gifite amanota amwe.

Uburyo bwo Gutanga ADCP

Imiterere itandukanye ya ADCP ishobora gukoreshwa hakurikijwe porogaramu yo kugenzura.

ADCP yo hasi

ADCP ishobora gushyirwa ku nkengero z'uruzi cyangwa ku nyanja ikayoborwa hejuru kugira ngo ipime inkingi y'amazi iri hejuru yarwo.

Iyi genamiterere ni ingirakamaro kuri:

Gukurikirana amazi mu gihe kirekire
Sitasiyo z'imigezi zidahinduka
Isuzuma ry'amazi yo ku nkombe
Gukurikirana umuvuduko w'amazi mu mazi
ADCP yometseho ubwato

ADCP ishobora gushyirwa ku bwato bupima amazi mu gihe ubwato bugenda bwambuka umugezi cyangwa amazi.

Ubu buryo ni ingirakamaro kuri:

Ubushakashatsi ku isohoka ry'amazi mu migezi
Ibipimo by'ibice bitandukanye
Ubukangurambaga mu bijyanye n'amazi
Gukurikirana imigezi minini
ADCP ifite imiterere ya Buoy

ADCP ishobora kandi gushyirwa mu buryo bwo kugenzura inyanja cyangwa urubuga rwo kuyikurikirana.

Iyi genamiterere ishobora gutanga ibipimo by'amashanyarazi by'igihe kirekire hamwe n'ibindi bipimo nka:

Imiterere y'imiraba
Ubushyuhe bw'amazi
Umunyu
Ogisijeni yashongeshejwe
Ibipimo by'ikirere
Igipimo cy'ubwato bwimuka

Ku bijyanye n'ibizamini byo gusohora amazi mu ruzi, ubwato bugenda bwa ADCP bushobora gupima umuvuduko mu gice cy'uruzi.

Amakuru aboneka ashobora gutunganywa kugira ngo hamenyekane ko yose yasohotse.

Porogaramu za ADCP mu kugenzura amazi
Gukurikirana amazi y'uruzi

ADCPs zitanga amakuru arambuye ku muvuduko w'uruzi n'imiterere y'amazi atemba.

Bashobora gushyigikira ubushakashatsi bw'agateganyo ndetse n'ibiro bihoraho byo kugenzura.

Gukurikirana imyuzure

Mu gihe amazi atemba cyane, umuvuduko w'amazi n'amazi asohoka bishobora guhinduka vuba.

Ibipimo bya ADCP bishobora gutanga amakuru y'ingenzi yerekeye amazi kugira ngo dusobanukirwe imiterere y'imyuzure n'ingendo z'amazi.

Umuyoboro n'inzira ifunguye

ADCP zishobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma imiterere y'urujya n'uruza muri:

Imiyoboro yo kuhira
Imiyoboro y'amazi
Imigezi y'amazi y'inganda
Fungura imiyoboro
Gukurikirana imigezi y'amazi

Imigezi ni ahantu hahindagurika amazi meza n'amazi yo mu nyanja bihurira.

Ibipimo bya ADCP bishobora gufasha abashakashatsi gusobanukirwa:

Imigezi y'amazi y'inyanja
Isohoka ry'uruzi
Kuvanga
Impinduka ziriho ubu
Impinduka mu bihe by'umwaka
Ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n'ubucukumbuzi bw'inyanja

Mu bushakashatsi bwo mu mazi, ADCP zishobora gupima imiterere y’ubujyakuzimu butandukanye kugira ngo zishyigikire ubushakashatsi ku birebana n’inyanja.