I te mea kei te piki haere ngā taumata o te moana me te kaha haere o ngā awha, kei te tūtaki ngā takutai moana o te ao ki ngā mōrearea horo onge. Heoi, he uaua te matapae tika i ngā huringa takutai moana, inā koa ngā au o te wā roa. Nō nā tata nei, i arotakehia e te rangahau mahi tahi ā-ao o ShoreShop2.0 te mahi a ngā tauira matapae takutai moana e 34 mā te whakamātautau matapo, e whakaatu ana i te āhua o nāianei o te whakatauira takutai moana.

Ko te takutai moana te rohe hihiri e tūtaki ai te whenua ki te moana, e rerekē tonu ana nā ngā ngaru, ngā tai, ngā tupuhi, me te pikinga o te taumata moana. Tata ki te 24% o ngā takutai onepū o te ao e hoki whakamuri ana i te tere neke atu i te 0.5 mita ia tau, ā, i ētahi wāhi, pērā i te Takutai Moana o Amerika, he nui ake te tere horo ā-tau i te 20 mita.

He tino uaua, he uaua hoki te matapae i te huringa o te takutai moana, me whai whakaaro ki te hononga o ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki te kaha o te ngaru, te kawe paru, me te pikinga o te taumata moana. He uaua ake te matapae tika mō ngā wā roa.

E toru ngā wāhanga o ngā tauira matapae takutai moana hou: ko tētahi e ahu mai ana i te whaihanga ā-tinana, pērā i a Delft3D me MIKE21 e ahu mai ana i ngā whārite miihini wai me te kawe paru; ko tētahi he tauira ranu e whakakotahi ana i ngā mātāpono ā-tinana me ngā tikanga e whakahaerehia ana e ngā raraunga, pērā i a CoSMoS-COAST me LX-Shore; ā, ko tētahi he tauira e whakahaerehia ana e ngā raraunga e whakawhirinaki katoa ana ki ngā tikanga tatauranga, ki ngā tikanga ako mīhini rānei, pērā i ngā whatunga LSTM me ngā hoahoanga Transformer.

Ahakoa te whānuitanga o ngā tauira, nā te kore o ngā paearu aromatawai kotahi i uaua ai te whakataurite i ngā mahi. Ko tēhea tauira e tuku ana i ngā matapae tino tika? Ko te whakataetae whakamātautau matapo ShoreShop2.0 he whai wāhitanga tino pai mō ngā whakataurite whakawhiti-mātauranga.

He momo mahi tahi pūtaiao tino pakari te whakataetae whakamātautau matapo o te ao ShoreShop2.0. Ka whakamōhiotia ngā tīma whai wāhi ki te wāhi whakamātautau anake, arā, he ingoa huna mō tētahi kokoru, he takutai rānei. Ka hunaia ngā mōhiohio matua pēnei i tōna wāhi me tōna ingoa tūturu kia kore ai e pāngia te whakatauira tauira e ngā mōhiotanga o mua. Hei tāpiri, ka puritia ngā raraunga i roto i ētahi wāhanga, me ngā raraunga mai i te tau 2019-2023 (wā poto) me te tau 1951-1998 (wā waenga). Kātahi ka matapaetia e ngā tauira ngā huringa takutai moana mō te wā poto me te wā waenga, ā, i te mutunga ka manatokohia tō rātou tika mā te whakamahi i ngā raraunga matatapu. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka taea te whakataurite i ngā tauira takutai moana i raro i ngā āhuatanga kāore i te tino mōhiotia.

E toru tekau mā whā ngā tīma rangahau mai i ngā whenua 15 i tuku tauira, tae atu ki ngā tauira 12 e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga me ngā tauira ranu 22. I ahu mai ēnei tīma i ngā umanga i te Hononga o Amerika, Ahitereiria, Hapani, Wīwī, me ētahi atu whenua. Heoi, kāore i roto i ngā tauira i tukuna he tauira arumoni pērā i a GENESIS me ngā tauira ahupūngao Delft3D me MIKE21.

I whakaatuhia i roto i tētahi whakataurite ko ngā tauira tino pai mō ngā matapae poto, rima tau ko CoSMoS-COAST-CONV_SV (tauira ranu), GAT-LSTM_YM (tauira e whakahaerehia ana e ngā raraunga), me iTransformer-KC (tauira e whakahaerehia ana e ngā raraunga). I tutuki i ēnei tauira ngā hapa pūtake toharite tapawhā o te 10 mita pea, he rite ki te hapa ā-roto o te 8.9 mita i roto i ngā raraunga takutai moana mamao o te amiorangi. E tohu ana tēnei mō ētahi takutai moana, kei te tata atu ngā kaha matapae a ngā tauira ki ngā rohe o te hangarau tirotiro. Ko te tikanga, i taea e ētahi atu tauira te hopu pai ake i ngā huringa takutai moana.

He kitenga whakamiharo ko te mahi a te tauira ranu he rite ki te tauira raraunga-arahi. Ka whakakotahi a CoSMoS-COAST-CONV_SV (tauira ranu) i ngā tukanga ā-tinana me ngā mahi honohono, ko GAT-LSTM_YM (tauira raraunga-arahi) ia e whakamahi ana i tētahi whatunga aro kauwhata hei hopu i ngā hononga ā-wāhi. I pai te mahi a ngā tauira e rua.

Mō ngā matapae wā-waenga, ko te raupapa LX-Shore (tauira ranu) e whakarato ana i ngā matapae tata ki ngā raraunga ine. Mā te hono i ngā tukanga kawe paru taha me te taha, ka mau tonu te pumau mō te wā roa i te mea e whakaatu ana i ngā urupare tino ōrite ki ngā tupuhi tino kino me ngā raraunga ine. E whakaatu ana ngā matapae mai i ēnei tauira ka taea e te tupuhi kino kotahi te hoki whakamuri mō te takutai moana tae atu ki te 15-20 mita, ā, e rua ki te toru tau pea te roa o te whakaoranga katoa. He tino pumau te raupapa CoSMoS-COAST, ko ētahi atu tauira ka pāngia e te nekeneke roa me te urupare nui rawa.

E whakaatu ana ngā hua o te tauirakounga raraungahe mea nui hei whakawhāiti i te mahi a te tauira. Ahakoa he whānui te horapa o ngā raraunga tātari mamao amiorangi, he iti te taumira o te wā, i te nuinga o te wā mai i ia wiki ki ia marama, ā, he uaua ki te hopu i te whakaoranga tere i muri i te tupuhi. Hei tāpiri, ka pāngia te taha wai inamata e te pikinga ake o ngā ngaru me ngā tai, ka hua ake ngā hapa rangitahi ka pā ki ngā matapae a te tauira.

I kitea i roto i te rangahau ka taea e te whakangawari raraunga ā-wāhi, pērā i te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tātari rua-ahu pakari, te whakapai ake i te mahi a te tauira. I muri mai, i tukuna mai e ngā tauira whakamātautau kore-matapo te whakaiti i te hapa toharite mā te 15% mā te tukatuka raraunga kua arotauhia.

Ko te Robust 2D Smoothing he tikanga tukatuka tohu matatau i hangaia mō te tukatuka i te haruru i roto i ngā raraunga amiorangi takutai moana. Ko te tikanga, he pūnaha tātari auau e hangai ana ki ngā tapawhā iti rawa kua taumahahia, ā, he tino pakari ki ngā mea o waho pērā i te haruru ngaru whakawhiti i roto i ngā whakaahua amiorangi.

Ko tētahi atu mea nui mō ngā matapae tauira ko te tika o ngā raraunga ngaru tata ki te takutai. I tēnei wā, he maha ngā hapa kei roto i ngā raraunga ngaru, tae atu ki ngā hapa i roto i te hurihanga tata ki te takutai o ngā raraunga tātaritanga anō o te ngaru ā-ao, ngā whakaaro pōhēhē i puta mai i te tango i ngā tawhā ngaru i te isobath 10-mita kaua ki te rohe pakaru, me te whakaiti i te pānga o ngā huihuinga tino kino mā te whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga ngaru toharite o ia rā. Ka pā katoa ēnei hapa ki ngā matapae tauira.

Mō ngā matapae mō te wā roa, ko te nuinga o ngā tauira e whakawhirinaki ana ki te ture Brownian tawhito hei whakatau tata i te pānga o te pikinga o te taumata o te moana. Heoi, e whakaaro ana tēnei ture he mutunga kore, he taurite hoki te tuku o ngā paru, ā, e kore e aro ki ngā pānga o te kawe paru ki tai, o ngā mahi rānei a te tangata, pērā i te whāngai i te takutai. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā whakaaro rerekē nui o te tauira.

I runga i te ariā o te kōtaha taurite, ka whakaratohia e te ture a Brownian he whanaungatanga rārangi i waenga i te pikinga o te taumata moana me te hoki whakamuri o te takutai. E kī ana tēnei ariā ka mau tonu te āhua taurite o te kōtaha takutai. I te pikinga o te taumata moana, ka akiakihia tēnei kōtaha taurite e te wāhi noho e piki haere ana kia neke ki uta kia mau tonu ai tōna āhua e pā ana ki te taumata moana hou. Nō reira, e kī ana te ariā i te nekenga o te kōtaha takutai ki uta, ka memeha te papa o runga o te takutai, ā, ka whakatakotoria ngā mea kua memeha ki uta, ka piki ake te papa o te moana tata ki uta, kia mau tonu ai te hohonu o te wai. E tohu ana te ture a Brown ka taea e te hoki whakamuri o te takutai te 10 ki te 50 ngā wā nui ake i te pikinga o te taumata moana, i runga i te pari o te takutai.

Mā tēnei rangahau ka waiho hei pūtake mō te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu tika e hangai ana ki ngā hiahia motuhake. Hei tāpiri, he mea nui te tukatuka raraunga i mua; i ētahi wā ka nui ake te pānga o te tukatuka raraunga tika i te tauira tonu. Mā te whakamahi i ngā wheako i whiwhihia mai i ShoreShop 2.0, ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā raraunga amiorangi me ngā ngaru hei whakarei ake i te tika o te matapae. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā pānga kore e taea te whakahaere o ngā takutai kua whakakorikoria hangai i roto i ngā matapae mō te wā roa ka pā nui ki ngā hua matapae. Hei tāpiri, ko te kore whai wāhi mai o ngā tauira arumoni pēnei i a GENESIS, Delft3D, me MIKE21 he take nui.

;Ngā Kaitiaki o te Rohe Kahurangi: Te Kaupapa 11-Tau a Frankstar ki te Tiaki i ō Tātou Moana me te Āhuarangi​

Neke atu i te tekau tau a Frankstar e tū ana i mua i te tiaki taiao moana, e whakamahi ana i ngā hangarau hou me te pakari o te pūtaiao hei tuku raraunga moana me te wai tino pai. E hira ake ana tā mātou kaupapa i te kohikohi raraunga noa iho—he kaihoahoa mātou mō tētahi heke mai tauwhiro, e whakamana ana i ngā whare wānanga, ngā whare wānanga, me ngā kāwanatanga o te ao katoa ki te whakatau whai whakaaro mō te hauora o tō tātou ao.