Zvinhu zvemugungwa zvinosanganisira marine meteorology, marine hydrology, marine geology uye geophysics, marine physics, marine chemistry, marine biology, nezvimwewo. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvine mativi akawanda zvakaita segungwa-mhepo uye mhepo yakadzika (senge makore, mvura, mhute, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo, tembiricha, nezvimwewo), pamusoro pegungwa (sengemhepo, mafungu, chando, madutu, munyu, mwaranzi yezuva, tembiricha, munyu, mafungu emvura,nezvimwewo), pasi pemvura (sekungemafungu emukati, kutenderera kweropa, thermoclines, nzira dzeruzha, kuwanda, kufambisa simba, kudzika, nezvimwewo) uye pasi pegungwa (zvakadai se geology, geomorphology, magnetic field, gravity field, nezvimwewo).

Kupatsanurwa kweMidziyo Yekuona Zvakatipoteredza yeMarine

Midziyo yekuona nharaunda yegungwa yakagadzirirwa kuwana ruzivo rwenzvimbo yegungwa, iyo yatinowanzo kudana semichina yekucherechedza, kuferefeta, kutarisa, uye kugadzira mapu. Inosanganisira mhando dzakasiyana dzemasensa, vaunganidzi, mapurosesa, uye mapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana ekutarisa akavakirwa munzvimbo dzakamira uye dzinofamba, akavakirwa mumhepo, akavakirwa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa, uye akavakirwa mugungwa (pamusoro nepasi pemvura) avanoitisa.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo yekuona nharaunda yegungwa. Zvinopatsanurwa nezvinhu zvezvakatipoteredza, zvinogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvekupisa, munyu, kudzika, mafungu, mafungu emvura, mafungu emvura, mhepo, ruzha, uye simba remagineti, nezvimwewo. Zvinopatsanurwa nemasensa, zvinogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zveacoustic, optical, electrical, thermal, uye magnetic, nezvimwewo. Zvinopatsanurwa nemisimboti yekuvaka, zvinogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zveacoustic, optical, electronic, mechanical, uye remote sensing and telemetry, nezvimwewo. Zvinopatsanurwa nemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana, zvinogona kupatsanurwa mumidziyo yengarava, midziyo inonyudzwa mumvura, midziyo yebuoy, midziyo yechiteshi chegungwa, midziyo yendege neyesatellite, nezvimwewo. Zvinopatsanurwa nezvinhu zvakayerwa, zvinogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvekupisa, midziyo yekuyera munyu, midziyo yekuyera mafungu, midziyo yekuyera current, nutrient salt, power gravity and magnetic force, midziyo yekuona pasi pesediment, plankton and benthic organisms', nezvimwewo.

Midziyo yekuona zvakatipoteredza mugungwa inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvina zvikuru, zvinoti, zvishandiso zvekucherechedza pfuma yemugungwa, zvishandiso zvekucherechedza pfuma yemakemikari emugungwa, zvishandiso zvekucherechedza zvisikwa zvemugungwa, uye zvishandiso zvekuongorora geological uye geophysical zvemugungwa. Pakati pazvo, zvishandiso zvekucherechedza ngarava mugungwa zvine mhando dzakawanda. Zvichienderana nenzira dzavanoshandisa, zvinogona kukamurwazve kuva mhando dzinoshandiswa, dzinodzoserwa, dzakasungirirwa, uye dzinodhonzwa. Midziyo inoshandiswa inoshandiswa nekudonhedza zvikamu zve sensor mugungwa, uye data rinoonekwa rinotumirwa kungarava kuburikidza newaya kana mafungu eredhiyo. Masensa haadzorerwe mushure mekushandiswa. Midziyo inodzoserwa inonyura mugungwa panguva yekutarisa, uye mushure mekupedza basa rekuyera kana resampuru, inobvisa ballast yodzokera pamusoro pegungwa nekubhururuka kwayo. Midziyo yakamiswa inotumirwa mugungwa kubva padivi pengarava ne winch boom yechikepe uye inoshandiswa pakucherechedza kana ngarava yakasungirirwa kana kudzungaira. Midziyo inodhonzwa inoiswa mugungwa kubva kumashure kwechikepe uye inodhonzwa kumashure kwechikepe kuti iongorore.

Midziyo yekutarisa gungwa, kuferefeta, kutarisa uye kumepu ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvakafanana maererano nemarudzi ezvishandiso, zvinhu zvekuyera, nzira dzekushanda, kugadzirisa data uye mhedzisiro yekushandisa. Zvisinei, zvinangwa zvavo zvekushandisa uye zvinodiwa zvemhedzisiro zvakasiyana, saka zvinowanzoomera kugadzira mapoka chaiwo. Semuenzaniso, ngarava yekuongorora gungwa inogona kushanda senzvimbo yekushanda yekuferefeta gungwa uye nzvimbo yekushanda yekuferefeta gungwa uye kumepu; mumwe muenzaniso iAcoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), inova nzvimbo yekutarisa gungwa uye kumepu, uye kana ikashandiswa mukuronga mapurojekiti ekuvaka nzvimbo yegungwa, inova nzvimbo yekutarisa gungwa.

Midziyo yekunzwa gungwa inosanganisira mapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana egungwa akadai semasatellite ekunzwa kure, ndege dzisina vanhu, mafungu anotsvedza, mafungu anotsvedza pasi pemvura, mota dzinofamba dzepasi pemvura dzinozvitonga (AUVs), ngarava dzinofamba pasi pemvura dzisina vanhu dzinodzorwa dziri kure, zvikepe zvisina vanhu pamusoro, masisitimu egungwa, ngarava dzinoongorora gungwa,mabuoy egungwa, network dzekutarisa gungwa panguva chaiyo, pamwe chete nemasensa ekutakura zvinhu kana masensa akadai seacousticMapurofayiri eDoppler current (ADCP), ma "multi-beam bathymeters", synthetic aperture sonar (SAS), temperature-salinity-depth instruments (CTD), ocean magnetometers, side-scan sonars, ocean gravimeters, single-channel seismic systems, seafloor heat flow meters, underwear acoustic positioning systems, sediment traps, three-dimensional sonar systems, water level metres, uye underwear inertial navigation equipment.