Izinto zemvelo zasolwandle zihlanganisa i-meteorology yasolwandle, i-hydrology yasolwandle, i-geology yasolwandle kanye ne-geophysics, i-physics yasolwandle, i-chemistry yasolwandle, i-biology yasolwandle, njll. Zihlanganisa izinto ezinezilinganiso eziningi ezifana ne-interface yolwandle nomoya kanye nomkhathi ophansi (njengamafu, imvula, inkungu, umfutho womoya, izinga lokushisa, njll.), ubuso bolwandle (njengeumoya, amagagasi, iqhwa, ukukhuphuka kweziphepho, isifutho sikasawoti, imisebe yelanga, izinga lokushisa, usawoti, amagagasi,njll.), ngaphansi kwamanzi (njengeamaza angaphakathi, ukujikeleza kwegazi, ama-thermocline, iziteshi zomsindo, ubuningi, ukuqhuba, ukujula, njll.) kanye nolwandle (njenge-geology, i-geomorphology, i-magnetic field, i-gravity field, njll.).

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemishini Yokuzwa Kwemvelo Yasolwandle

Imishini yokubona indawo yasolwandle iklanyelwe ukuthola ulwazi lwendawo yasolwandle, okuyilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi imishini yokubuka, ukuphenya, ukuqapha, kanye nemephu yasolwandle. Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinzwa, abaqoqi, abaprosesa, kanye namapulatifomu ahlukahlukene okubuka asekelwe esikhaleni esimi ndawonye neselula, asekelwe emoyeni, asekelwe ogwini, kanye nasekelwe olwandle (ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwamanzi) aqhutshwa kuwo.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamadivayisi okuqonda imvelo yasolwandle. Ahlukaniswa ngezinto zemvelo, angahlukaniswa ngokushisa, usawoti, ukujula, amagagasi, imisinga, amagagasi, umoya, umsindo, kanye nensimu yamagnetic, njll. Ahlukaniswa ngezinzwa, angahlukaniswa ngomsindo, optical, kagesi, okushisa, kanye nomagnetic, njll. Ahlukaniswa ngezimiso zesakhiwo, angahlukaniswa ngomculo we-acoustic, izinsimbi zokukhanya, izinsimbi ze-elekthronikhi, izinsimbi zomshini, kanye nezinsimbi zokuzwa ezikude kanye ne-telemetry, njll. Ahlukaniswa ngabathwali abahlukene, angahlukaniswa ngomculo wemikhumbi, izinsimbi ezicwiliswa emanzini, izinsimbi ze-buoy, izinsimbi zesiteshi sogwini, izindiza kanye nezinsimbi zesathelayithi, njll. Ahlukaniswa ngezinto ezilinganisiwe, angahlukaniswa ngomculo wesilinganiso sokushisa, izinsimbi zokulinganisa usawoti, izinsimbi zokulinganisa amagagasi, izinsimbi zokulinganisa ugesi, izinsimbi zokulinganisa usawoti wezakhamzimba, izinsimbi zamandla adonsela phansi kanye namandla kamagnetic, izinsimbi zokuthola inhlabathi engezansi, izinsimbi zezinto eziphilayo ze-plankton kanye ne-benthic, njll.

Imishini yokuqonda imvelo yolwandle ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine ezinkulu, okungukuthi, izinsimbi zokuhlola impahla yasolwandle, izinsimbi zokuhlola impahla yamakhemikhali olwandle, izinsimbi zokuhlola izinto eziphilayo zolwandle, kanye nezinsimbi zokuhlola i-geological kanye ne-geophysical zolwandle. Phakathi kwazo, izinsimbi zokuhlola zasolwandle zemikhumbi zinezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu. Ngokwezindlela zazo zokusebenza, zingahlukaniswa kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezingasetshenziswa, ezizibuyisela ngokwazo, ezilengisiwe, nezidonswayo. Izinsimbi ezisetshenziswayo zisetshenziswa ngokuphonsa izingxenye zazo zenzwa olwandle, futhi idatha ebonwayo idluliselwa emkhunjini ngezintambo noma amagagasi omsakazo. Izinzwa azitholakali ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Izinsimbi ezizibuyiselayo ziyacwila olwandle ngesikhathi sokubuka, futhi ngemva kokuqeda umsebenzi wokulinganisa noma wokuthatha isampula, zisusa i-ballast bese zibuyela ebusweni bolwandle ngokuntanta kwazo. Izinsimbi ezilengisiwe zithunyelwa olwandle zisuka ohlangothini lomkhumbi nge-winch boom yomkhumbi futhi zisetshenziselwa ukubheka lapho umkhumbi uboshiwe noma uhudula. Izinsimbi ezidonswayo zifakwa olwandle zisuka ngemuva komkhumbi bese zidonswa ngemuva komkhumbi ukuze zibonwe.

Imishini yokubuka ulwandle, ukuphenya, ukuqapha kanye nokumaphu yabelana ngezici eziningi ezifanayo ngokwezinhlobo zezinsimbi, izakhi zokulinganisa, izindlela zokusebenza, ukucubungula idatha kanye nemiphumela yesicelo. Kodwa-ke, izinhloso zazo zokusebenzisa kanye nezidingo zemiphumela zihlukile, ngakho-ke kuvame ukuba nzima ukwenza izigaba ezithile. Isibonelo, umkhumbi wokuhlola ulwandle ungasebenza njengeplatifomu yokusebenza yokuphenya ulwandle kanye neplatifomu yokusebenza yokubheka kanye nokumaphu kolwandle; esinye isibonelo yi-Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), okuyi-payload yokubuka kokubili ukuphenya kolwandle kanye nokuqapha ulwandle, futhi uma isetshenziswa ekuhleleni amaphrojekthi okwakha isikhungo solwandle, iba yi-payload yokubuka yokumaphu kolwandle.

Imishini yokuzwa ulwandle ihlanganisa amapulatifomu ahlukahlukene olwandle afana namasathelayithi okuzwa kude, izindiza ezingenamuntu, ama-wave glider, ama-glider angaphansi kwamanzi, izimoto ezizimele ezingaphansi kwamanzi (ama-AUV), imikhumbi engaphansi kwamanzi elawulwa kude, izikebhe ezingenamuntu ezingaphandle, izinhlelo ezisekelwe olwandle, imikhumbi yokuhlola ulwandle,ama-buoy olwandle, amanethiwekhi okubuka olwandle ngesikhathi sangempela, kanye nomthwalo noma izinzwa ezifana ne-acousticAmaphrofayili wamanje we-Doppler (ADCP), ama-bathymeter amaningi, i-sonar yokwenziwa (i-SAS), izinsimbi zokujula kokushisa-usawoti (i-CTD), ama-magnetometer olwandle, ama-sonar askeniwe eceleni, ama-gravimeter olwandle, izinhlelo zokuzamazama komhlaba ezinesiteshi esisodwa, amamitha okugeleza kokushisa phansi kolwandle, izinhlelo zokubeka i-acoustic ngaphansi kwamanzi, izithiyo ze-sediment, izinhlelo ze-sonar ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu, amamitha ezinga lamanzi, kanye nemishini yokuhambahamba ngaphansi kwamanzi.